RBAC

Role-Based Access Control 

Access control based on user roles (i.e., a collection of access authorizations a user receives based on an explicit or implicit assumption of a given role). Role permissions may be inherited through a role hierarchy and typically reflect the permissions needed to perform defined functions within an organization. A given role may apply to a single individual or to several individuals. 
 
See NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 under Role-Based Access Control for more information.