Key Pair

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A public key and its corresponding private key; a key pair is used with a public key algorithm. 

See the following under Key pair for more information: 

NIST SP 800-57 Part 1 Rev. 3.
NIST SP 800-57 Part 2.
NIST SP 800-57 Part 1 Rev. 4.

A private key and its corresponding public key; a key pair is used with an asymmetric-key (public-key) algorithm. 

See NIST SP 800-133 under Key pair for more information.

Two mathematically related keys having the properties that

(i) one key can be used to encrypt a message that can only be decrypted using the other key, and

(ii) even knowing one key, it is computationally infeasible to discover the other key. 

See NIST SP 800-32 under Key Pair for more information. 
 
A public key and its corresponding private key. 

See NIST SP 800-89 under Key pair for more information.

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