Fault Tree Analysis

A top-down, deductive failure analysis in which an undesired state of a system (top event) is analyzed using Boolean logic to combine a series of lower-level events. An analytical approach whereby an undesired state of a system is specified and the system is then analyzed in the context of its environment of operation to find all realistic ways in which the undesired event (top event) can occur. 

See the following for more information:  
NIST SP 800-30 Rev. 1 under Fault Tree Analysis. 
CNSSI 4009-2015 (NIST SP 800-30 Rev. 1).